The term social capital was first coined in a study of community, in which it was believed that social capital may enhance interpersonal networks, by providing a foundation for trust, collaboration, and group activities jacobs, 1965. Lin 1 a network theory of social capital nan lin duke university. Some significant data about abortion in the eu27 and in the eu15 awaken us to realize the existence of social phenomenas that can undermine the social capital foundations and resent the people as well as the society, to the extent in which the social policies affect. The network structure of social capital 349 mechanisms enter the analysis. Social capital theory 5 lin argue that social capital as a relational asset must be distinguished from collective assets and goods such as culture, norms, trust, and so on. Despite the substantial development of this literature, putnams notion of social capital absorbed by public health researchers has. Bourdieu 1986 states that social capital traverses networks and can be exchanged for economic, cultural and symbolic capital. Tang family professor of sociology of the trinity college, duke university. Social capital is a major conceptual and theoretical idea that has received in the last three decades much attention across many social science disciplines. Journal of health and social behavior, 108119, 1979. The purpose of the research was to investigate the impact of facebook and twitter usage on the cognitive social capital of university students within the western cape province of south africa. Social capital in online communities proceedings of the.
Research on social capital is most frequently based on colemans 1988 or bourdieus. Online communities are connecting hordes of individuals and generating rich social network data. Social capital theory, including robert putnams and pierre bourdieus view, has important business implications for leaders. Social capital, or resources accessed through such connections and relations, is critical along with human capital, or what a person or organization actually possesses to individuals, social groups, organizations, and communities in obtaining their objectives. Bonding social capital is within a group or community whereas bridging social capital is between social groups. Such health risk behaviours are often established during. It is commonly applied in domains such as adult social. But the commodity processed and produced by the capitalists can be circulated to and sold in the consumption market at a higher.
In contrast to the other authors, he developed his concept in agreement with the general idea of capital and he considers other current social capital concepts. Bourdieu silvia rogosic1 and branislava baranovic2 the influence of social capital on an individuals educational achievements is the subject of numerous scientific papers. Social capital is a relatively new concept in the social sciences. This line to social capital theory is call the network approach and is most commonly used by researchers approaching social capital from economics. What is the difference between bonding and bridging social. Nan lin born 1938 in chongqing, china is the oscar l.
The position generator approach to social capital research. Lin 2001 believes social capital is a resource embedded in the social network, and a user. Lins book on social capital appeared in 2001 providing a fully. Pierre bourdieu 1983 1986, nan lin 1982, 2001a, and james s.
Identify the central topics related with the concept of social capital to describe a networkbased theory of social capital and point out how such a theory. The impact of social media usage on the cognitive social. These scholars and programs share certain understandings and approaches in their analyses of social capital. The essay begins with a discussion that places social capital in a family of capital theories, and points to its networkbased conceptual origin. The concept of social capital and its usage in educational studies 57 social ties and relations. Leading scholars in the field of social networks from diverse disciplines present the first systematic and comprehensive collection of current theories and empirical research on the informal connections that individuals have for support, help, and information from other people. The difference between bonding and bridging social capital relates to the nature of the relationships or associations in the social group or community. Replacement happens when market information is so ambiguous that people use network structure as the best available information. Social selfefficacy is the belief of an individual in their ability to initiate social contact and develop new friendships. Apm association of project management proposes a guideline for governance of multiowned projects gomop as shown in figure 1 5.
Social capital, guanxi and political influence in chinese. Based on these studies, a theory of social resources has emerged lin 1982. Social capital a theory of social structure and action in social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. Hawkins is the mcsilver assistant professor in poverty studies at the silver school of. Woolcock and narayan 2000 identified that the network approach takes into account both social capitals upside and its downside see benefits and disadvantages section. It is linked to the analysis of social networks and to what is called social capital, a term made popular by robert putnam. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading social capital. Lin has authored or edited eleven books, forty book chapters and numerous journal articles. Jan 01, 2002 a growing number of sociologists, political scientists, economists, and organizational theorists have invoked the concept of social capital in the search for answers to a broadening range of questions being confronted in their own fields.
Despite the substantial development of this literature, putnams notion of social capital absorbed by public health researchers has dominated the field. Social networks and status attainment nan lin department of sociology, duke university, box 90088, durham, north carolina 277080088. May 20, 2002 in social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. Lin 1999a, 2001 defined social capital at the individual level in a cogent and clear way. Social capital, bridging social capital, bonding social capital, virtual communities, online communities, aging adults introduction as family size decreases and friends and family members become more geographically dispersed, maintaining connections with loved ones is becoming increasingly more challenging for individuals regardless of age. Putnams concept of social capital has three components. A theory of social structure and action structural analysis in the social sciences. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, lijun song and others published social capital and health find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Putnam 2000 believes that social capital focuses on the interactions of intracommunity.
In social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. By considering social capital as assets in networks, the paper will discuss some. Pdf building a network theory of social capital eva jackson. Other approaches to social capital are beyond the scope of this study.
Research on social capital is most frequently based on colemans 1988 or. The concepts of bonding and bridging social capital are associated with the network theories of structural holes and network closure 22. Social capital is conceptualized as 1 quantity andor quality of resources that an actor be it an. Definition and theory to gain a better understanding of social capital, it is necessary to place it in the context of different theoretical types of capital lin, 2001a. The theory begins with an image of the macro social structure consist. International journal of social welfare social capital is a magisterial analysis of how social networks are a key to individual achievement and social inclusion. Structural holes versus network closure as social capital. Social capital is a major conceptual and theoretical idea that has received in the last three decades much attention across many socialscience disciplines. Social capital is related to a variety of health behaviours and outcomes including mental ill health, physical health 47, mortality 8,9, and violent crime 9,10.
Social capital stress hurricane social involvement disaster katrina abstract research shows that those with greater social capital enjoy better physical and mental health. Social networks and status attainment mit media lab. Theory and research sociology and economics ronald burt, karen cook, nan lin social capital, as a counterpoint theory to human capital, analyzes the production, investment and returns of the elements or resources embedded in social structures and networks rather than in individuals. Lin succeeds in clarifying a muddled body of work on social capital.
Social capital in relation to alcohol consumption, smoking. Defsmition and measurement social capital may be defined as investment and use of embedded resources in social relations for expected returns lin l999a, 2000. Building a network theory of social capital social. Network closure, may 2000, page 1 preprint for a chapter in social capital. While much excitement has been generated, divergent views, perspectives, and expectations have also raised the serious question. A social network theory of stakeholders in china s project. Building a theory of social capital lin 29 shelter, and clothing to sustain their. A regression model is constructed to test the social capital which is known as a robust predictor of health literacy after controlling gender, age, education, income, and health communication ability.
A network theory of social capital 1 duke university. In the past two decades, social capital in its various forms and contexts has emerged as one of the most salient concepts in social sciences. Lins book on social capital appeared in 2001, providing a fully developed. Social capital is a sprawling term, ranging from an individualistic framework that emphasizes the advantages that individuals can gain through their personal networks to a collective perspective that emphasizes the advantages of volunteerism to a community coleman 1988. Solving the gender puzzle is an occasion to see how network models of social capital can be used to identify people not accepted as legitimate members of a population, and to describe how such people get access to social capital by borrowing the network of a strategic partner. He is most notable for his research and writing on social networks and social capital. The social network theories provide a rich tradition of research. In social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and. A theory of social structure and action structural analysis in the social sciences kindle edition by lin, nan. How social capital operated in new orleans following hurricane katrina robert l.
A major dimension of inequality in society is the extent of access to social capital, to connections that matter. The distinction between bonding and bridging social capital builds on the seminal work of mark granovetter granovetter 1973, 1985, 2000 on embeddedness. Social capital and its definitions while numerous definitions of social capital are promoted in the literature, in our road map we will concentrate on those we consider relevant for economic purposes and that refer to a. Lins book on social capital appeared in 2001, providing a fully developed theoretical. Definition and theory to gain a better understanding of social capital, it is necessary to place it in the context of different theoretical types of capital lin. Putnam, 2000, one networkbased approach proposed by lin 1982, 2001a theorizes the role of accessed ses. In this context the difference between bridging and bonding social capital is structural holes as bridging and network closure as bonding. The study aimed to gain familiarity and new insight into social capital among university students. We propose to create a mathematical model of social capital that incorporates the mobilization of social resources through purposive actions. Network approach to social capital theory social capital. In the last twenty or so years it has come to indicate that networks of social relationships represent a resource for both the individual and society, since they provide support for the individual and facilitate collective action. It emphasizes the establishment of decisionmaking and reporting mechanisms, which. Social capital, or resources accessed through such connections and relations, is critical along with human capital, or what a person or organization actually possesses in achieving goals for individuals, social groups, organizations, and communities.
In this relatively short period, it has developed into a major research paradigm guiding voluminous research conducted in north america. Alcohol consumption, smoking, and drug use are well known risk factors in relation to public health 11. A network theory of social capital to appear in handbook on social capital, edited by dario castiglione, jan van deth and guglielmo wolleb, oxford university press central aim. In spite of a little group of critics4 the term of social capital has become an element of pocket dictionary of each social scientists, which furthermore met the interest of economists and became an. In his theory of social resources, lin 1982 considered occupa. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Position generator was adopted to measure social capital. Building a theory of social capital lin 29 shelter, and clothing to sustain their lives exchange value. In spite of a little group of critics4 the term of social capital has become an element of pocket dictionary of each social scientists, which furthermore met the interest of economists and became an element of global policy. Like burt see chapter 4 in the present monograph, he also conceptualizes social capital as a structural entity.
Lin argue that network density or closure for the utility of social capital is not necessary or realistic bridges, holes and weak ties are imporant for social. The lin ks and trust that allow drug cartels and criminal gangs to operate are a form of social capital, albeit one that the rest of us could do without. Companies and organisations can also suffer if they have the wrong sort of social capital. As the final social capital concept, we introduce nan lin s ideas. Pdf social capital is an old concept but it entered into academic and policy debates only in 1990s. In management, social capital promises to bring together a variety of research relating a persons ties or network position to signi. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Social networks and status attainment nan lin department of sociology, duke university, box 90088, durham, north carolina. The resource perspective nan lins concept of social capital. As discussed in the literature, and based on previous operationalization of the concept of social capital lin, 2008. The influences of social selfefficacy on social trust and. Seeking to clarify the concept and help assess its utility for organizational theory, we synthesize the theoretical research undertaken in these various.
Lin defines social capital as resources embedded in social. Social capital, or resources accessed through such connections and relations, is critical along with human capital, or what a person or. They argue that social networks are the foundation of social capital. A network theory of social capital 1 duke university nanlin. Several years of survey data reveal a dynamic picture of. The social capital that resides within these networks is largely unknown.
This approach stresses the importance of vertical as well as horizontal associations between people and of relations within and among such organizational entities as community groups and firms woolcock and narayan. A theory of social structure and action, which has been praised as the definitive work on the subject of social capital, amongst others. Functions of social capital bonding, bridging, linking. In this study we argue that one of the networkbased theories of social capital can help explore that remaining question, which conceives social capital as network members assets and operationalizes it as those members structural positions in the socioeconomic hierarchy lin, 1982. Putnams concept of social capital with that of pierre bourdieus. A social network theory of stakeholders in chinas project governance 115 the means of monitoring performance. The current study illuminates a paradox of social capital which may af. The structure of prior relations among people and organizations in a market can affect, or replace, information. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Bourdieu 1980, flap 2002, erickson 1996, flap 1999, lin 1999a, 2001 focused on social capital as an additional pool of resources for the individual, which may be helpful for the individuals goal attainment. Social capital further provides a forum for ongoing research programs initiated by social scientists working at the crossroads of formal theory and new methods. Like almost any form of capital, social capital can also be put to ends that harm other people. Because the principle of homophily is so key to the operation of these systems, we use it as our organizing concept.
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